2012年ACCA考试《p2公司报告》讲义辅导7

2012年ACCA考试《p2公司报告》讲义辅导7

ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
　　The IASB Framework definition of an asset: a resource controlled by the entity as a result of past events and from which future economic benefits are expected to flow to the entity.
　　A non-current asset is one intended for use on a continuing basis in the company’s activities, ie it is not intended for resale.
　　1. IAS 16 Property, plant and equipment
　　Definitions: Property, plant and equipment; Cost; Residual value; Fair value; Carrying amount
　　Accounting treatment:
　　-recognition: future economic benefits flow to the entity, -measured reliably
　　. initially measured at cost
　　. subsequent to initial recognition: cost model and revaluation model
　　. revaluation: increase in value is credited to a revaluation surplus/ decrease is an expenses in P &L after cancelling a previous revaluation surplus
　　. depreciation and revaluations: excess over historical cost depreciation can be transferred to realised earnings through reserves
　　. depreciation of an item does not cease when it becomes temporarily idle or is retired from active use and held for disposal
　　. impairment
　　-Normally, a revaluation surplus is only realised when the asset is sold, but when it is being depreciated, part of that surplus is being realised as the asset is used. This amount can be transferred to retained （ie realised） earnings but not through profit or loss.